GARBI IN THE STUDY OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS (NEW DIRECTION MOVEMENT OF INDONESIA), PROSPEROUS JUSTICE PARTY (PKS) CONFLICT STUDIES IN THE ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL STRAIN PARADIGMS

Ahmad Yusuf
Study Program of Magister Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, Ahmadyusuf513@gmail.com 

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how the formation of GARBI and the elements that became the movement of GARBI. This study uses the theory of social movements with the paradigm of structural strain. GARBI or New Direction Movement of Indonesia is a movement born of the internal dynamics of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS). The emergence of GARBI became an interesting phenomenon studied because it was formed from the PKS Tarbiyah movement which had militant cadres, was solid and loyal. PKS is one of the largest Islamic da'wah parties in Indonesia. PKS itself is a party that is very clever in resolving internal party problems. Rarely do internal problems spread to external parties because PKS has an organized and neat management structure. When there are internal problems, PKS tends to resolve it through the Syuro Council. However, this is what later became the question of why the PKS was so solid that it became fragmented into two groups.

From the results of the study, it was found that internal conflicts within the PKS gave rise to two major factions namely the Justice Faction and the Prosperous Faction. These two factions contradict each other. The Justice Faction tends to be ideological and much supported by a social basis which has conservative and militant characteristics, but is less flexible in expanding party penetration. While the Prosperous Faction tends to be more progressive and opportunistic. The culmination of the two factions conflict was that before the 2009 elections, the Prosperous Faction announced that PKS was an "Open Party" which could accept all segments to join PKS including providing access for non-Muslim legislative candidates to run for office (catch-all party). This then got strong resistance from the militant and conservative Justice faction or the Harakah Groups. For them, membership and nomination of non-Muslim candidates cannot be trafficked, because this is not in accordance with the party’s principle that holds tightly to Islamic principles. The conflict finally made the Prosperous Faction or the Hizb faction represented by Anis Matta and Fahri Hamzah marginalized from the PKS. From this conflict, Fahri Hamzah and Anis Matta gathered new powers by inviting Prosperous Faction cadres who were expelled from PKS to create a new movement called GARBI.

GARBI then became a movement that focused on realizing Indonesia's ideals, namely “creating Indonesian civilization” by applying pillars or elements: Islam, Nationalism, Democracy and Welfare. The four elements become a driving force for GARBI to become one of the strongest countries in the world as the goal of GARBI is to make Indonesia the "Top 5 Strongest" country in the world alongside America, China, Russia and the European Union.

Keywords: PKS, GARBI, Conflict, Factions, Civilization