LEGISLATION AND DOMESTIC MEASURES OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN IN SUPPORT OF THE FIGHT AGAINST GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

Balabiev Kairat Rakhimovich¹, Turekulova Zhuldyz Eltaevna²

¹Doctor of Law, Professor of Saparbayev Institute, Republic of Kazakhstan, balabi.kairat@mail.ru
²Doctor PhD, Associate Professor, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Republic of Kazakhstan, turekulova74@mail.ru

Abstract

In the 21st century mankind is faced with climate change and other global problems that cannot be resolved by any one country and require the combined efforts of all states and peoples. Climate change, like other global problems, comes down to the imperfection of the relationship between society and nature, leading to a crisis. At present, mankind has such a technical potential that can significantly violate biological equilibrium. Due to the sharp increase in population, industrialization and urbanization, economic pressures began to exceed the ability of ecological systems to self-clean and regenerate. This, in turn, causes a violation of substances cycling in the biosphere: natural resources are depleted, which leads to the emergence of resource-energy problems, and a large number of harmful substances accumulate, resulting in environmental problems. Solutions to existing problems are actively discussed at international forums, conferences, seminars and other events, as part of the activities of environmental organizations, various international and national projects. The results of these activities are an important source of the research of climate change problems and the prevention of its consequences. Despite the importance of the problem, the conceptualization and institutionalization of the international community efforts to prevent adverse climate change and its consequences have not yet been comprehensively studied. Moreover, the global climate change and the impossibility of preventing it without the joint efforts of states, without the specification of the position of Kazakhstan in this process, confirm the relevance of the theme of this work.

The aim of the scientific article is to reveal concepts of climate change, forecasts of their development for the disclosure of the essence of the international community institutions’ tasks, including forms and methods of combating climate change, and the role of the Republic of Kazakhstan in this process based on a comprehensive study. The article reveals the evolution of interstate cooperation in preventing climate change and its consequences; it highlights Kazakhstan's policy in climate change prevention and its consequences; it determines the degree and nature of international and regional cooperation in addressing climate issues.

Keywords: Republic of Kazakhstan, environmental security, international cooperation, climate change