NON-FICTION AS A MODERN MEDIA FORMAT: FEATURES OF FORMATION AND MODERN FUNCTIONING IN RUSSIAN MEDIA

Simona Lebedeva¹, Grigory Vakku², Natalia Komarova³,
Albina Myshkina⁴*, Lidia Malygina^5
1Assoc. Prof., Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics, RUSSIA, lebedeva220461@yandex.ru
²Assoc. Prof., Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics, RUSSIA, vakku2006@rambler.ru  
³Assoc. Prof., Autonomous non-profit organization of higher education «Moscow international University», RUSSIA, screenclub@mail.ru
⁴Prof. Dr., I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, RUSSIA, alb-myshkina@mail.ru
⁵Assoc. Prof., Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUSSIA, 9955140@gmail.com
*Corresponding Author

Abstract

Modern media attracts users with high-quality content, on the basis of which new, more advanced media platforms, such as non-fiction, appear. The purpose of this article is based on an analysis of the formation and development of the non-fiction format, to identify its specific features and transformation trends. The authors of the article analyze the non-fiction format, give a description of the dynamics of modern processes, identify prospects for its further evolution, offer a classification of its modern manifestations. The research methods in work were: a method for analyzing the work of foreign and domestic media researchers, a method for observing the evolutionary changes in documentary journalism on all modern technology platforms, and a monitoring method for tracking the dynamics of non-fiction.
Non-fiction has come a long way in its formation. Its appearance dates back to 1965, when a series of articles by Truman Capote about a high-profile crime that shook America was published in the New Yorker magazine. The plot was based on the story of the murder of an entire family in Kansas (1959), committed by two robber youths. An attempt to comprehend the specifics of the new genre was the article-preface of the writer and journalist Tom Wulf to the publication “New Journalism and Anthologies of New Journalism” (1973), perceived as a manifesto of “new journalists”. In Russian literature, the predictors of the non-fiction genre, with confidence, can be considered travel notes A.N. Radishchev's "Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow", the work of I.A. Goncharova “Frigate Pallada” and others. And at the beginning of the XXI century, interest in documentary and artistic journalism did not pass, since the format implies a wide field for experiment. Today non-fiction is a popular artistic-journalistic and journalistic format, the specific feature of which is a purely realistic and documented accurate depiction of events and characters through the prism of the author’s figurative and aesthetic perception. Distinctive features of non-fiction texts: the presence of a real documentary fact or subject at the heart of the plot; deep immersion in the topic; special attention to the plot, location in the work; literary style of presentation.
Non-fiction today is actively exploring the blogosphere, forming new versions of the familiar and popular format. So, the founder of Mann, Ivanov and Ferber publishing house Mikhail Ivanov claims that today we are experiencing the evolution of formats: short ones supplant long ones. However, non-fiction, despite its popularity and variety, requires additional research and terminological justification.
Thus, the popular media format allows you to present a broad event picture, from media biographies to global catastrophes and popularization of scientific discoveries and media content is clothed in a democratic form that meets the needs of a modern user.

Keywords: non-fiction, narrative, travelogue, meta-genre, media format, media content, media platform.