SOCIAL DETERMINISM, MANIPULATION, AND FREEDOM

Ph.D., V. N. Pervushina¹*, Ph.D., V. S. Ostapenko², Ph.D., L. M. Savushkin³, Ph.D. N.M.Morozova⁴, Ph.D., E. A. Timofeeva⁵ 

¹State University of Justice, Central branch, Voronezh, Russian Federation, email veravalen47@yandex.ru
²State University of Justice, Central branch, Voronezh, Russian Federation, email ostapenko-vl@yandex.ru
³State University of Justice, Central branch, Voronezh, Russian Federation, email savushkin.lieonid@mail.ru
⁴Voronezh, Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of internal Affairs, Voronezh, Russian Federation, email  nadezhdamorozova11@gmail.com
⁵Research Institute of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, email anna0474@mail.ru
*Corresponding Author

Abstract

Paper is dealt with the concept of determinism in a broad context, including the recognition of diverse forms of determination, the use of a systematic approach in their classification, the discovery of the inner unity of determinism and freedom. The use of the Marxist approach made it possible to regard social processes in the unity of material and spiritual factors, to identify manipulation as a constituent element of social determinism in the functioning and development of society. Manipulation is a derivative of power and functions on the societal, group and personal levels. At the societal level, manipulation is carried out through cultural archetypes. At the group and personal levels, manipulation is included in the purposeful subject-object relations. The basic components of manipulation are governance, regulation, and control. In the paper manipulation is analyzed in unity with its opposite – freedom. It is noted that the origin of freedom at the societal level is associated with a sacred ontological meaning and is based on duality: chaos-order, manifested in the orgiastic-carnival version of life. Later, as the historical process is being more personalized, freedom is regarded in terms of freedom-arbitrariness, freedom and responsibility.

Keywords:  determinism, social determinism, manipulation, cultural archetypes, freedom-chaos, freedom-arbitrariness, freedom-responsibility