LIBERALIZATION OF ELECTRICITY MARKET IN GERMANY

Rodionova I.A.¹, Shuvalova O.V.², Erokhina E.I.^3
1Doctor of Geographical Sciences, Professor, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
(RUDN University) Russia, iarodionova@mail.ru
²Candidate of Geography, docent, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, (RUDN University) Russia, dvigh@mail.ru  
³Postgraduate, JSC Kommersant, Russia, erokhinaei@mail.ru

Abstract

The main object of the research is to examine the degree of electricity market liberalization in Germany which is influenced by the dominance of vertically integrated companies. It is impossible to increase the number of new electricity suppliers generated from renewable sources, due to the limited capabilities of the transmission network.
This article evaluates the results of two energy policy directions of German government. The first direction is the implementation of renewable energy support policy; the second is the liberalization of the electricity market. These tasks are interrelated.

The authors were analyzed the structures of the electricity market of Germany. In the research was analyzing the ownership structure in the electricity market: electricity generation, transmission, distribution and supply of electricity to end-users.

The analysis of the research showed that, on the one hand, the electricity market liberalization as a regulation of natural monopolies for the creation of a competitive environment wouldn’t be possible in Germany without the support for alternative energy and the entering the market of new electricity suppliers. On the other hand, the renewable energy growth would be impossible without the electricity market liberalization which allowed the common access to the private electricity network.

Keywords: energy policy, electricity market, energy transition, Germany, liberalization, renewable energy