THE VALUABLE COMPONENTS OF THE PROBLEMATICS AND THE IDEOLOGICAL WORLD OF LEONID YANDAK’S NOVELS
Tatyana Belyaeva1, Raisia Kudryavtseva2*, Marianna Ryabinina3, Larisa Kalashnikova4, Nadezhda Guseva5, Elena Petrova6
1Assoc. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, RUSSIA, sokolova_beljaeva@mail.ru
2Prof. Dr., Mari State University, RUSSIA, kudsebs@rambler.ru
3Assoc. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, RUSSIA, mari.riabinina@yandex.ru
4P Master's Degree Student, Mari State University, RUSSIA, ms.lara.kala@mail.ru
5Ph.D. candidate, Mari State University, RUSSIA, ovechkinanadezhda@rambler.ru
6Assoc. Prof. Dr., Mari State University, RUSSIA, jandar78@mail.ru
Abstract
The axiological aspects of the problematics and the ideological world of Leonid Yandak’s historical novels «Chotkar» (2000) and «Mamich Berdey» (2001) are analyzed in this article.
The national, sociocultural and philosophical problematics of these works involve «terminal» (desire to live in peace, security and non-conflicts) and «instrumental» (courage, boldness, honesty, politeness) values (M. Rokich’s terminology) of Mari people and value orientation of main characters (duty, ability to love, courage, kindness, respect, honor, etc.).
The scene of the «Chotkar» novel is laid in 1236-1237, when Mari people, as well as other small nationalities, under command of the leader Chotkar, have risen to defend their land and national freedom. The main storyline action in the novel «Mamich Berdey» unfolds in the 16th century, during the turning period, when the destiny of the Mari nation was decided (the prospect of geopolitical domination of the Russian Kingdom or the Kazan Khanate).
In both novels, the writer speculates on political values (freedom, truth, justice, equality, peace and harmony), also mentions family (traditions, foundations, obedience, respect), religious (faith, moral principles, patience) bases of society. The main character are people, the spokesmen of political and religious interests of whose are the key characters, who are taken out in the titles of the works (Chotkar, Mamich Berdey). Their personal and moral values (humanity, charity, duty, love, dignity, fidelity, friendship, valor, courage) are formed the conceptual basis of the ideological world of novels. Key characters have all positive qualities of the leader: the mind, strength, courage, external and inner beauty, strong-willed character, inflexibility, courage. Prince Chotkar is represented already as a formed personality with an established worldview, and Mamich Berdey is given in the process of personal development and interaction with the people, who accurately estimate his intellect, staunchness, adherence to principles, knowledge of several languages and elect him sotnik.
The main composition technique of both works is the contrast (in the construction of the storyline and characters’ images).
In contrast to high moral principles anti-values are widely represented in novels: betrayal, lust for war, enmity and quarrel, excessive pride, murder, fall, etc. One group of heroes with their life positions is contrasted with another: on the one hand, the defenders of people's interests, traditions, native land, on the other hand, barbarians and conquerors of foreign territories, who "sow" around death and fear. The art narration of Leonid Yandak broaches questions of the history his native land and people, affirms patriotism as a value.
Keywords: Mari literature, novel, Leonid Yandak, problematics, values, character, poetics.
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